By Kevin Bock, Abdulrahman Alaraj, Yair Fax, Kyle Hurley, Eric Wustrow, and Dave Levin August 12, 2021 This work was presented at USENIX Security 2021 and received a Distinguished Paper Award. Our conference talk is also available here. Summary: We discover a new way that attackers could launch reflected denial of service (DoS) amplification attacks over TCP by abusing middleboxes and censorship i